![]() ![]() best-effort deals are not underwritten by the arrangers but they simply undertake to do their best to find other lenders to provide the total commitment.If the loan is not fully subscribed, the underwriters will have to lend the rest of the money themselves underwritten deals where the arrangers guarantee to lend the entire commitment and subsequently look to syndicate the loan.Types of syndication There are three main types of syndicated loan: In a syndicated transaction, two or more lenders agree to make loans to a borrower on common terms which are set out in a single facility agreement entered into by all of the parties. Where a single lender is unwilling or unable to advance the full amount required by the borrower, the borrower may look to two or more lenders for a loan to meet its needs. Key features of syndicated facilities The difference between bilateral and syndicated loans A bilateral loan involves a borrower (and sometimes other companies in the borrower's group as guarantors and/or security providers) and a single lender. And lastly, we have two teaser articles: Have you been curious as to why we dream and how we can investigate dreams? Or have you ever wondered why some people sleep talk and whether this is similar to how we speak whilst awake? Find out in the last two articles of this Collection.Read More Key features of syndicated facilities Talking about non-humans: did you know that we are not the only creatures with a fascinating biological clock that is coordinated by the brain? The third set of articles leads us on an adventure back in time, and brings alive the series of experiments that led to the discovery of the biological clock, today known as the circadian rhythm, and how modern life has cut the night short. What do our brains do during this time? And how can we study the evolution of sleep? Some populations of Mexican cavefish may hold the answers. ![]() As you discover the importance of sleep, the second set of articles will let you understand what is happening whilst sleeping. Find out why you shouldn't cut it short, and how sleeping disorders sadly do just that. Did you know that you actually continue learning while sleeping? A good night's sleep is like a symphony of brain rhythms with each movement serving a different function. The first articles in this Collection focus on what makes a good night of sleep, and why it is essential for our well-being and health. Our sleeping brain makes us rest at night, while the quality of sleep energizes us for the day to come. Dreams are a common experience: sometimes funny, scary, or downright bizarre, they are a fascinating combination of our inner and outer world! The information processing and self-organisation that the sleeping brain does in our dreaming state is so complex that, before it was well understood, it sparked famous theories such as the psycho-analyst Sigmund Freud’s “Interpretation of Dreams”. Neurons housekeep during this time: memory processing and finetuning cognitive functions rely on a good night’s sleep. However, our brains do not snooze as much. As we begin to drift to sleep, our body rests and recharges. We spend a third of our lives sleeping but not all sleep is the same. Over the centuries, scientists have begun to solve this mystery. Sleep is so important that famous names from William Shakespeare to the Beatles have written about it. From the times of the Greeks and Romans, people worshipped Gods associated with sleep: Hypnos (also Somnus) and his sons Morpheus, Phobetor and Phantasus – you might be able to see in these names the roots of familiar modern words associated with sleep and dreaming, such as “hypnosis”, “somnambulism” (sleepwalking), “morphine” (a sleep-inducing painkiller) and “fantasies”. The mystery of sleep has kept curious minds awake for millennia. ![]() Wow your brain and test your knowledge with this accessible overview of all things sleep(y). This retrospective Collection of 8 articles takes a deep dive into sleep. We spend an incredible amount of time sleeping – probably more time than we spend on doing anything else.
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